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Value:
The lightness or darkness of a color, e.g. light blue, medium blue and dark blue have different values.
Varnish:
A liquid, film forming material based on drying oils and resins that dries to a transparent or translucent film after application as a thin layer.
Viscosity:
The internal resistance to flow in a liquid. A measure of thickness or thinness. It is determined by measuring the force required to shear the liquid without disorder at a defined rate. Also known as consistency.
VOC:
See Volatile Organic Compound.
Volatile Organic Compound (VOC):
The organic, carbon based, compounds (including additives, solvents, free monomers, etc., but not water) that evaporate from an applied and drying coating that results in the formation of paint film on the surface to which it was applied.
Volume Solids:
The volume of the non-volatile portion of a composition divided by the total volume of the coating and expressed as a percentage. The volume solids can be used to calculate dry film thickness at a defined spreading rate or spreading rate at a defined thickness. High volume solids mean a thicker dry film with improved durability and lower VOCs.
Wainscot:
A paneling or wall covering applied to the lower section of a wall surface generally three to four feet from the floor and bordered on top with a chair rail.
Wallboard:
A general term for panel boards, such as pressed cellulose fiberboard, plywood, gypsum board, drywall, etc., used in place of plaster on interior surfaces
Wash Primer:
A thin inhibiting paint used on metal surfaces that usually contains a polyvinyl butyral binder that is pigmented with basic zinc chromate. Wash primers are mixed with an acid, prior to application, to provide surface etching and to insolubilize the binder. The film thickness is critical to the adhesion of the primer and subsequently applied coatings.
Water Blast (ing):
Methods using pressurized water to remove surface contaminates from a substrate in preparation for painting or coating.
Water Repellant:
A material that forms a barrier or lowers the surface tension of a substrate for the purpose of reducing water penetration. Most water repellents are low solids materials unable to fill the surfaces they are applied to and can fail due to hydrostatic pressure or wind driven rain.
Wet Edge:
The boundary of an applied paint to which further paint can be added without visible lapping.
Wet Film Thickness (WFT):
The thickness of a liquid film immediately after application.
Wet on Wet:
A technique whereby the second application is applied before the first is dry, and the composite film dries as a whole.
Wiping Stain:
Pigmented oil stain applied then wiped with a soft cloth to remove the excess before drying.
Wire Brush Cleaning:
Cleaning a surface with a wire brush, including both hand wire brush and power wired brush.
Wood Fillers:
There are two kinds of fillers-paste and liquid. Paste fillers are something like a very think paint and are composed of some solid powdered substance, usually silica or powdered quartz, mixed with linseed oil or varnish thinned with turpentine or benzene. Liquid fillers are lower solids materials that are flowable and can be applied by brush or spray to fill pores in open grain woods.
Workability:
The characteristic of a paint, varnish or lacquer of being easily applied to a surface
Yellowing:
The development of a yellow color or cast in paints lacquers or varnished. Oil and oil/alkyd based coatings are known to yellow over time. This can be from aging or oxidative attack on the organic binder or smoke/fumes. Yellowing can also occur when alkyds are applied in areas where they are exposed to ammonium or chlorine fumes.
Zinc Rich Primer:
An anti-corrosive primer for iron and steel incorporating zinc dust in a concentration sufficient to give electrical conductivity in the dried film, thus enabling the zinc metal to corrode preferentially to the substrate, giving cathodic protection.
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