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Sacking:
A finish for formed concrete surfaces designed to produce even texture and fill all voids and air holes. After dampening the surface, the mortar is rubbed over the surface, and before it dries, a mixture of dry cement and sand (or a barely moist mortar mix) is rubbed over it with a wad of burlap or a sponge-rubber float to remove surplus mortar and fill voids.
Sagging:
A downward movement of a wet film between application and the setting, resulting in an uneven coating having a think lower edge. These are usually restricted to local areas of vertical surfaces and may have the characteristic appearance of a draped curtain.
Sanding:
The act of abrading a surface (painted or bare) with an abrasive coated paper or cloth, by hand or machine, to smooth or remove surface defects or to improve the mechanical adhesion of a coating.
Sanding Sealer:
A clear or pigmented lacquer or alkyd used to seal a porus wood substrate or an applied wood filler. Designed to be easily sanded prior to application of finishing lacquer or varnish.
Sandpaper:
An abrasive is bonded to one side of a sheet of paper to form various graded sized. Sandpaper is used for smoothing rough surfaces or abrading to provide ‘tooth’.
Sash Brush:
An angled brush used for cutting-in.
Satin Finish:
A dried film that does not have a full luster but rather one resembling satin.
Scope of Work:
An overview or abstract outlining the work to be performed within a specification.
Semi-Gloss:
A finish between flat and gloss. See Gloss Levels.
Semi-Transparent Stain:
Stain that changes the natural color of the wood, but allows the grain and texture to show through.
Set Up:
Drying (e.g. latexes, alkyds) or reacting (e.g. two component epoxies, urethanes) to the stage where the material no longer flows or is workable.
Sheen:
The low angle gloss of a surface measured at 85 degrees.
Shop Painting:
Surface preparation and the application of coats of paint in a shop or plant before shipment to the site of production.
Shop Primed:
A temporary (or permanent) prime coat applied at a factory, shop, or other off-site location.
Solids by Volume:
The total volume percentage of non-volatile material. Also known as volume solids. The solids by volume is used to calculate the dry film thickness (DFT) of a coating from wet film measurements taken during application.
Solids by Weight:
The percentage of the total weight of a coating occupied by nonvolatile compounds.
Solvent:
The volatile part of paint composition that evaporates during drying. Solvents are used to control the consistency, drying properties, and in part, the stability of the liquid paint material and to regulate its application properties. Various types of solvents are also used as cleaning agents, often in combination with surfactants.
Spalling:
The chipping or fragmenting of surface or surface coating. Spalling, in concrete substrates, is generally attributed to the absorption of water with subsequent freezing, although also occurs due to the rusting and subsequent expansion of reinforcing bar (rebar) close to the surface.
Spray (ing):
A method of application in which the coating material is broken-up into fine mist and directed onto the surface to be coated. Atomization is generally created by compressed air, but other methods are direct pressure (airless spray, piston pump) and centrifugal force.
Spreading Rate:
The area covered by a unit of volume of coating material, frequently expressed as square feet per gallon. Spreading rate will vary with the operator, the method of application, and the nature of the surface being coated.
Stain:
A solution or suspension of coloring matter in a vehicle designed primarily to be applied to create color effects rather than to form a protective coating. A transparent or semi-opaque coating that colors without completely obscuring the grain of the surface.
Streaks:
A surface defect characterized by essentially parallel line of different colors or shades
Stringers:
The side boards used to support the steps on a staircase.
Substrate (Substrat):
In painting, any surface to be painted, including wood, concrete, masonry, steel, other metals, and various other materials or previous paints. A substrate can therefore be bare or covered. A previously unpainted surface sometimes is called the “original substrate”
Surface Conditioner:
Preparatory coating applied to chalked, painted masonry surfaces for bonding chalk and improving the adhesion of subsequently applied coatings.
Surface Drying:
The drying of a coating on the top surface, but not uniformly through the film. Often this can lead to wrinkling or cracking when the firm fully dries.
Surface Tension:
The surface phenomenon exhibited in varying degree by all materials. Where the surface tension of a material is lower than a liquid, the liquid will not spread out over that surface. Where the surface tension of a liquid is lower than that of the surface, then the liquid will spread out.
Surfactant:
An acronym for Surface Active Agent. Used to break down the surface tension of liquids to make them more miscible, such as in oil and water emulsions. Surfactants are divided into small classes that are relative to their functionality such as dispersants, emulsifiers, detergents, defoamers, etc.
Surfactant Staining:
The appearance of yellow to brown colored spots (horizontal) or streaks (vertical) on the surface of a recently applied latex coating. Commonly seen on latex semi-gloss paints applied to the ceiling of a bathroom where water condenses, and on some highly tinted exterior latex coatings when exposed to moisture.
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 | Our paint looks great, and there was no overspray whatsoever. Thanks again for making our office facelift a smashing success! |  |
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